{"id":3614,"date":"2017-08-12T20:13:27","date_gmt":"2017-08-12T13:13:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/?p=3614"},"modified":"2017-08-13T20:28:43","modified_gmt":"2017-08-13T13:28:43","slug":"bien-doi-khi-hau-va-san-xuat-ca-phe-ho-tieu-ben-vung-o-dak-lak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/bien-doi-khi-hau-va-san-xuat-ca-phe-ho-tieu-ben-vung-o-dak-lak\/","title":{"rendered":"Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t C\u00e0 ph\u00ea, H\u1ed3 ti\u00eau b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \u1edf \u0110\u1eafk L\u1eafk"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong><em> Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1ed3ng &#8211; Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt N\u00f4ng L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a01.<em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><strong>Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu (B\u0110KH) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, trong \u0111\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y ra. B\u0110KH xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1n c\u00e2n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi do thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ee5i trong kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n, th\u1ea3m ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B\u0110KH kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, t\u0103ng h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng CO<sub>2<\/sub>, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i quy lu\u1eadt th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng. T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a B\u0110KH g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u01b0a l\u0169 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 ng\u1eadp l\u1ee5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t canh t\u00e1c c\u00e2y l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c l\u00e0m cho m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ee7i ro trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee3t h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i c\u0169ng \u0111e d\u1ecda c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng &#8211; l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1edbi n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9nh \u0110\u0103k L\u0103k nh\u01b0 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, cao su, h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau&#8230; Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7t \u1ea9m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng khi\u1ebfn n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadt nu\u00f4i b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m; s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt nu\u00f4i k\u00e9m \u0111i, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ea1o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t, g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh tr\u00ean c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ebft nhanh, ch\u1ebft ch\u1eadm tr\u00ean c\u00e2y h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau; b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0ng l\u00e1 do th\u1ed1i r\u1ec5 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea; b\u1ec7nh n\u1ee9t th\u00e2n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea; b\u1ec7nh\u00a0 r\u1ee5ng l\u00e1 non cao su, lo\u00e9t mi\u1ec7ng c\u1ea1o&#8230;; m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh gia s\u00fac, gia c\u1ea7m nh\u01b0 b\u1ec7nh c\u00fam gia c\u1ea7m, b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch heo tai xanh&#8230;. M\u01b0a l\u0169 l\u1edbn, h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n v\u00e0 n\u1eafng n\u00f3ng l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai b\u1ecb r\u1eeda tr\u00f4i, c\u1eb1n c\u1ed7i, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng suy tho\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 sa m\u1ea1c h\u00f3a di\u1ec5n ra nhanh h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, m\u00e0 r\u00f5 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 m\u01b0a, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a \u1edf \u0110\u0103k L\u0103k trong v\u00f2ng 10 n\u0103m tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t r\u00f5. T\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u01b0a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u00e1ng 12, 1 l\u00e0 kh\u00e1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea g\u1eb7p tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n th\u1ee5 tinh. C\u00e0 ph\u00ea sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian kh\u00f4 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a m\u1ea7m hoa, khi t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, th\u00ec hoa n\u1edf, nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec1u khi g\u1eb7p m\u01b0a ph\u00f9n th\u00ec qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ee5 tinh tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i (do ph\u1ea5n kh\u00f4ng tung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c), t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 th\u1ea5p, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t. Ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a kh\u00f4, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee3t mua ph\u00f9n l\u00e0m hoa c\u00e0 ph\u00ea n\u1edf lai rai, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u0169ng th\u1ea5p c\u0169ng l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 thu ho\u1ea1ch sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 L\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng thay \u0111\u1ed5i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0\u00a0 t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 4 &#8211; 7 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho nhu c\u1ea7u sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e2y v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau, song g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u00e1ng n\u00e0y, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ea5p, t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t m\u01b0a \u00edt g\u00e2y thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m qu\u1ea3 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u1ecb kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 r\u1ee5ng, ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e2n nh\u1ecf; c\u00e2y h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau b\u1ecb r\u1ee5ng gi\u00e9, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<!--more--><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a B\u0110KH ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng x\u1ea3y ra nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 quy m\u00f4, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 v\u1eadt t\u01b0, c\u00f4ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng nhanh d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 l\u1ee5y l\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cao, l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u00e0 h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau thi\u1ebfu t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 ngay t\u1eeb b\u00e2y gi\u1edd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt canh\u00a0 t\u00e1c nh\u1eb1m th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi B\u0110KH. Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u, t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a n\u0103m s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t gia t\u0103ng trong m\u00f9a kh\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9nh \u0110\u0103k L\u0103k, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u00f5 n\u00e9t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f9a m\u01b0a k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1edbm l\u00e0m cho c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a m\u1ea7m hoa s\u1edbm, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01a1n m\u01b0a mu\u1ed9n l\u00e0m cho c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea n\u1edf hoa s\u1edbm v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp trung \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i m\u00f9a kh\u00f4. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n, thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi cho c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau trong m\u00f9a kh\u00f4 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. M\u00f9a kh\u00f4 ni\u00ean v\u1ee5 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea 2016-2017, theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea s\u01a1 b\u1ed9, c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 40 % di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u1edf \u0110\u0103k L\u0103k b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p (ICM) cho c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh, t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh th\u00e1i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Trong th\u1eddi gian qua, WASI \u0111\u00e3 \u00a0nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n giao c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>II.<\/strong><strong>C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea , h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gia t\u0103ng<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1.\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e0 ph\u00ea<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1.1. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 gi\u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Do t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu l\u00e0m cho ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 suy gi\u1ea3m, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea Vi\u1ec7t Nam; v\u00ec v\u1eady vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u1ed1i c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m ch\u00edn kh\u00e1c nhau s\u1ebd l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u gi\u1ed1ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho t\u1eebng v\u00f9ng sinh\u00a0 th\u00e1i trong m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>1.1.1.<\/em><\/strong><strong><em> B\u1ed9 gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00edn trung b\u00ecnh (t\u1ea7m ch\u00edn t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 11 \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 12)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>&#8211; <\/em><\/strong><strong><em>Gi\u1ed1ng TR<sub>4<\/sub><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u1ecfe, ph\u00e2n c\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u, c\u00e0nh h\u01a1i r\u0169; n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kinh doanh \u0111\u1ea1t &gt;7 t\u1ea5n nh\u00e2n\/ha; h\u1ea1t lo\u1ea1i R1 chi\u1ebfm &gt;70%; kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 100 nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb 17 &#8211; 18 g; t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1i\/nh\u00e2n 4,1- 4,2; kh\u00e1ng g\u1ec9 s\u1eaft cao; th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00edn gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 11 \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 12.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0u \u00fd trong ch\u0103m s\u00f3c: <\/em>th\u00e2m canh cao, t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh m\u1ea1nh do \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e0nh t\u0103m, c\u1ea7n h\u00e3m ng\u1ecdn th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong><em>Gi\u1ed1ng TR5 <\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kinh doanh \u0111\u1ea1t 5- 6 t\u1ea5n nh\u00e2n\/ha; k\u00edch c\u1ee1 h\u1ea1t r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, h\u1ea1t lo\u1ea1i R1chi\u1ebfm tr\u00ean 90%, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 100 nh\u00e2nt\u1eeb 20 &#8211; 21g; t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1i\/nh\u00e2n 4,2 &#8211; 4,4; kh\u00e1ng cao \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh g\u1ec9 s\u1eaft; th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00edn v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 11 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 12.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong><em>Gi\u1ed1ng TR<sub>7<\/sub><\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kinh doanh \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u00ean 4 t\u1ea5n nh\u00e2n\/ha, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch n\u0103m, t\u00e1n g\u1ecdn, c\u00e0nh d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef nhi\u1ec1u; h\u1ea1t lo\u1ea1i R1chi\u1ebfm &gt;70%; kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 100 nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb\u00a0\u00a0 17 &#8211; 18 g; t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1i\/nh\u00e2n 4,3 &#8211; 4,4; th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00edn gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 11 \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 12.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>&#8211; <\/em><\/strong><strong><em>Gi\u1ed1ng TR<sub>8<\/sub><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t kh\u1ecfe; cho n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kinh doanh \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u00ean 4 t\u1ea5n nh\u00e2n\/ha; h\u1ea1t lo\u1ea1i R1 chi\u1ebfm &gt;68%; kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 100 nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb 17 &#8211; 18 g; t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1i\/nh\u00e2n\u00a0 4,3 &#8211; 4,4; b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh g\u1ec9 s\u1eaft nh\u1eb9; th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00edn t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 11 \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 12.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>&#8211; <\/em><\/strong><strong><em>Gi\u1ed1ng TR<sub>13<\/sub><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kinh doanh \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u00ean 5 t\u1ea5n nh\u00e2n\/ha, h\u1ea1t lo\u1ea1i R1 chi\u1ebfm &gt; 90%; kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 100 nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb 19 -20g; t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1i\/nh\u00e2n: 4,2 &#8211; 4,4; kh\u00e1ng r\u1ea5t cao b\u1ec7nh g\u1ec9 s\u1eaft; th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00edn t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 11 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 12.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">B\u1ed9 gi\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u1edf v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>1.1.2.<\/em><\/strong><strong><em> B\u1ed9 gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00edn trung b\u00ecnh &#8211; h\u01a1i mu\u1ed9n (ch\u00edn t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 11 \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 12)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>&#8211; <\/em><\/strong><strong><em>\u00a0Gi\u1ed1ng TR<sub>9<\/sub><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">C\u00e0nh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec1u, l\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed1t nh\u1eb7t; n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t 5 &#8211; 6 t\u1ea5n nh\u00e2n\/ha; h\u1ea1t lo\u1ea1i R1chi\u1ebfm t\u1eeb 95- 98%; tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 100 nh\u00e2n 24 &#8211; 25 g, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1i\/nh\u00e2n 4,2 &#8211; 4,3; kh\u00e1ng g\u1ec9 s\u1eaft cao; th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00edn t\u1eadp trung trong th\u00e1ng 12.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0u \u00fd trong ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/em> th\u00e2m canh cao, ch\u00edn t\u1eadp trung, h\u1ea1t to, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e2y gh\u00e9p tr\u1ed3ng theo h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c thu h\u00e1i v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m (kh\u00f4ng xay x\u00e1t chung v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng kh\u00e1c d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb v\u1ee1 h\u1ea1t).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 &#8211; <\/em><\/strong><strong><em>Gi\u1ed1ng TR<sub>11<\/sub><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">C\u00e0nh to, kh\u1ecfe, t\u00e1n kh\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng, l\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed1t h\u01a1i th\u01b0a; n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t 5 &#8211; 6 t\u1ea5n nh\u00e2n\/ha; h\u1ea1t lo\u1ea1i R1 chi\u1ebfm 77,2%; kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 100 nh\u00e2n 18,5 g; t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1i\/nh\u00e2n th\u1ea5p 4,1 &#8211; 4,2; kh\u00e1ng g\u1ec9 s\u1eaft cao, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh; th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00edn t\u1eadp trung trong th\u00e1ng 12.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0u \u00fd trong ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/em> c\u1ea7n th\u00e2m canh cao, v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u01b0a nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp h\u1ee3p, gh\u00e9p th\u00edch h\u1ee3p trong m\u00f9a kh\u00f4, t\u00e1n l\u1edbn n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch 3,5 x 3,5 m.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 &#8211; <\/em><\/strong><strong><em>Gi\u1ed1ng TR<sub>12<\/sub><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C\u00e0nh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec1u, l\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed1t nh\u1eb7t; n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t trung b\u00ecnh 5 t\u1ea5n nh\u00e2n\/ha, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 100 nh\u00e2n trung b\u00ecnh 25 g, h\u1ea1t lo\u1ea1i R1 \u0111\u1ea1t 98%, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1i\/nh\u00e2n4,3; kh\u00e1ng cao v\u01a1\u0301i b\u00ea\u0323nh gi\u0309 s\u0103\u0301t. Th\u1eddi gian thu ho\u1ea1ch h\u00e0ng n\u0103m t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 11 \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 12.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>L\u01b0u \u00fd trong ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/em>: th\u00e2m canh cao, t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh m\u1ea1nh, c\u00e0nh t\u0103m nhi\u1ec1u, t\u00e1n nh\u1ecf, h\u1ea1t r\u1ea5t to.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">B\u1ed9 gi\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u1edf v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>* <\/em><\/strong><strong><em>B\u1ed9 gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00edn mu\u1ed9n (t\u1ea7m ch\u00edn t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 1 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m sau)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>&#8211; <\/em><\/strong><strong><em>Gi\u1ed1ng TR<sub>6 <\/sub><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">C\u00e0nh kh\u1ecfe, \u00edt ph\u00e2n c\u00e0nh; n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kinh doanh \u0111\u1ea1t 5-6 t\u1ea5n nh\u00e2n\/ha; h\u1ea1t lo\u1ea1i R1 chi\u1ebfm &gt; 75%; kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 100 nh\u00e2n 17,5 g; t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1i\/nh\u00e2n th\u1ea5p 4,1 &#8211; 4,2; kh\u00e1ng g\u1ec9 s\u1eaft cao; th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00edn t\u1eeb\u00a0 gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 12 \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m sau.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0u \u00fd trong ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/em> th\u00e2m canh cao, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n t\u1ed1t, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t do \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednhgi\u1ed1ng TR6 ch\u00edn mu\u1ed9n.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u1edf nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2011 \u2013 2015 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea TR14 v\u00e0 TR15 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i: n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng t\u1eeb 4,97 &#8211; 5,48 t\u1ea5n nh\u00e2n\/ha, cao h\u01a1n c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a so v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng TR6, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 100 nh\u00e2n: 18,6 &#8211; 23,0g, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 h\u1ea1t tr\u00ean s\u00e0ng 16 \u0111\u1ea1t 92,6 &#8211; 97,4%, kh\u00e1ng cao v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh g\u1ec9 s\u1eaft. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 hai gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00edn mu\u1ed9n v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u1ea7n gi\u1eefa m\u00f9a kh\u00f4 n\u00ean \u00edt b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee3t m\u01b0a mu\u1ed9n. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, qua nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u1edbi mu\u1ed9n h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0 25 ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 chu k\u1ef3 t\u01b0\u1edbi 35 ng\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ra hoa, \u0111\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea3 h\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u1ed1i ch\u00edn mu\u1ed9n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">B\u1ed9 gi\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an ninh trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>* <\/em><\/strong><strong><em>Gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u1ed1i lai TRS<sub>1<\/sub><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u1ed1i lai TRS<sub>1<\/sub> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb 4 d\u00f2ng v\u00f4 t\u00ednh TR4, TR9, TR11, TR12 b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lai t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t (t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1ch ly v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m hoa n\u1edf).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u1ed1i lai TRS<sub>1<\/sub> c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng h\u1ea1t.\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng cho n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t t\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng thua k\u00e9m so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00f4 t\u00ednh. N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t trung b\u00ecnh tr\u00ean 5 t\u1ea5n\/ha, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 100 nh\u00e2n trung b\u00ecnh 20,1g, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1i\/nh\u00e2n 4,1. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u00e2y b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh g\u1ec9 s\u1eaft &lt; 10%.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>L\u01b0u \u00fd<\/em>: C\u1ea7n c\u01b0a ghe\u0301p ca\u0309i ta\u0323o nh\u01b0\u0303ng c\u00e2y co\u0301 n\u0103ng su\u00e2\u0301t th\u00e2\u0301p do \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ph\u00e2n ly va\u0300 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y bi\u0323 b\u00ea\u0323nh gi\u0309 s\u0103\u0301t n\u0103\u0323ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t trong v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u00e0 ph\u00ea.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1.2. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p tr\u1ed3ng xen, \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thu ho\u1ea1ch tr\u00ean v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u00e0 ph\u00ea<\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"999\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"688\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y che b\u00f3ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i trong v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, WASI \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p tr\u1ed3ng xen c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y \u0103n qu\u1ea3 v\u1eeba c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m c\u00e2y che b\u00f3ng, v\u1eeba t\u0103ng thu nh\u1eadp tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb di\u1ec7n t\u00edch, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c canh c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. Tr\u1ed3ng xen c\u00e2y s\u1ea7u ri\u00eang trong v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u00eam thu nh\u1eadp cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n t\u1eeb 60 &#8211; 150 %; tr\u1ed3ng xen c\u00e2y b\u01a1 trong v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u00e0 ph\u00ea thu nh\u1eadp t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 40 &#8211; 90 %; tr\u1ed3ng ti\u00eau b\u00e1m tr\u00ean c\u00e2y tr\u1ee5 s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m c\u00e2y che b\u00f3ng trong v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u00e0 ph\u00ea nh\u01b0 mu\u1ed3ng \u0111en, keo d\u1eadu Cuba thu nh\u1eadp t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 40 &#8211; 120 %. Ngo\u00e0i ra, vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng xen \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, chu k\u1ef3 t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc cho c\u00e0 ph\u00ea k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u01a1n do c\u00e2y che b\u00f3ng l\u00e0m h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ed1c tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, gi\u1eef \u1ea9m cho \u0111\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. Ngo\u00e0i ra, l\u00e1, c\u00e0nh r\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng xen c\u0169ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n\u00a0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng h\u1eefu c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea5t t\u01a1i x\u1ed1p v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u1ed3ng xen trong v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc 17,7 %; \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t 1 t\u1ea5n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n 500 m<sup>3<\/sup> n\u01b0\u1edbc, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u00e0 ph\u00ea tr\u1ed3ng thu\u1ea7n c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi 600 m<sup>3<\/sup> n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"311\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1.3. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m (theo nguy\u00ean l\u00fd phun m\u01b0a t\u1ea1i g\u1ed1c)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">L\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt. N\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u1edbi theo t\u1eebng g\u1ed1c nh\u01b0ng kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1ecf gi\u1ecdt l\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u phun m\u01b0a nh\u1ecf \u1edf m\u1ed7i g\u1ed1c c\u00e0 ph\u00ea n\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ed3n c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8211; \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">+ Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sinh l\u00fd c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn trong l\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00e2y ra hoa t\u1eadp trung. Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m kho\u1ea3ng 20 % l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00f4ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">+ L\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn (trung b\u00ecnh 1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kho\u1ea3ng 20 &#8211; 50 tri\u1ec7u\/ha t\u00f9y v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u). L\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1i m\u1ed7i v\u00f2i phun cao, 60 &#8211; 80 l\u00edt\/gi\u1edd\/g\u1ed1c, th\u1eddi gian t\u01b0\u1edbi l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n kho\u1ea3ng 4 &#8211; 5 gi\u1edd.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">+ K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n qua n\u01b0\u1edbc cho ph\u00e9p cung c\u1ea5p dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n, gi\u1ea3m suy tho\u00e1i v\u00e0 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/?attachment_id=3615\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-3615\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3615\" src=\"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/image001-2.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"543\" height=\"319\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">phun m\u01b0a t\u1ea1i g\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m cho c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1eeb 350 &#8211; 380 l\u00edt\/c\u00e2y v\u1edbi chu k\u1ef3 t\u01b0\u1edbi 20 ng\u00e0y\/l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u00e0y n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi. Vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m so v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf t\u1eeb 12,69 &#8211; 16,60 %.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n qua n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1i Gia Lai trong 2 n\u0103m cho th\u1ea5y, trung b\u00ecnh trong 2 n\u0103m (2012, 2013) n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng. Ri\u00eang m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u1edf huy\u1ec7n Ch\u01b0 P\u0103h cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng &gt; 25%.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh cho th\u1ea5y, trung b\u00ecnh n\u0103m 2012 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c MH (t\u01b0\u1edbi TK + BPQN) l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn t\u0103ng b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n 11,44 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng\/ha (11,7 %); n\u0103m 2013 t\u0103ng 15,29 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng\/ha (17,9 %) so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ea3i\u00a0 ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi phun m\u01b0a t\u1ea1i g\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m cho c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1eeb 350 &#8211; 380 l\u00edt\/c\u00e2y v\u1edbi chu k\u1ef3 t\u01b0\u1edbi 20 ng\u00e0y\/l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u00e0y n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi. Vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m so v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf t\u1eeb 12,69 &#8211; 16,60 %.<a name=\"_Toc398559993\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc398535566\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n qua n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1i Gia Lai trong 2 n\u0103m cho th\u1ea5y, trung b\u00ecnh trong 2 n\u0103m (2012, 2013) n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng. Ri\u00eang m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u1edf huy\u1ec7n Ch\u01b0 P\u0103h cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng &gt; 25%.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">V\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh cho th\u1ea5y, trung b\u00ecnh n\u0103m 2012 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n qua n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn t\u0103ng b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n 11,44 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng\/ha (11,7 %); n\u0103m 2013 t\u0103ng 15,29 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng\/ha (17,9 %) so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1.4. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p (ICM) \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e0 ph\u00ea\u00a0 kinh doanh<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ICM cho c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea (bao g\u1ed3m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi &#8211; c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng TR4, TR5, TR6, TR7, TR8&#8230;., gh\u00e9p c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o, b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n theo \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e2y che b\u00f3ng, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p&#8230;) \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 10 %, so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf t\u0103ng 20-30%. Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ICM \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o trung b\u00ecnh 16 %; ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 20 &#8211; 30 % (\u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t 1 t\u1ea5n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c canh t\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n nay c\u1ea7n 450 m<sup>3<\/sup> n\u01b0\u1edbc; \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ICM l\u00e0 375 m<sup>3<\/sup>).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0G\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 t\u0103ng thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1.5. G\u00f3i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n cho c\u00e0 ph\u00ea d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u1eeb k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u1edf T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 \u0110\u0103k L\u0103k n\u00f3i ri\u00eang, WASI \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n cho c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Ri\u00eang \u1edf \u0110\u0103k L\u0103k, h\u00e0ng n\u0103m WASI \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n giao cho h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n g\u00f3i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n cho c\u00e0 ph\u00ea d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y, tr\u00ean 80 % n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi ph\u00ed mua ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n t\u1eeb 10 &#8211; 30 %; v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u00e0 ph\u00ea sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00e1 t\u1ed1t, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y t\u1eeb 5 &#8211; 20 %; l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn t\u0103ng (bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n) t\u1eeb 10 &#8211; 20%. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc b\u00f3n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t, do v\u1eady g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00ed ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh. Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng g\u00f3i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u00ean c\u0169ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc kho\u1ea3ng 6 \u2013 10 %. \u0110\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t 1 t\u1ea5n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea nh\u00e2n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0375 m<sup>3<\/sup>, l\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 494 m<sup>3<\/sup> n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>1.6. G\u00f3i gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd IPM cho c\u00e0 ph\u00ea<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 G\u00f3i gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd IPM cho c\u00e0 ph\u00ea bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u00e2y, th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean theo d\u00f5i t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i ph\u00e1t sinh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u1eed l\u00fd ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean quan \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u0111a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt. Khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u00e2u b\u1ec7n h\u1ea1i \u1edf m\u1ee9c nguy hi\u1ec3m th\u00ec ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb, \u01b0u ti\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m sinh h\u1ecdc. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ecb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i n\u0103ng, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t nhanh ngu\u1ed3n b\u1ec7nh, sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng. Ch\u1ec9 phun thu\u1ed1c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 c\u00e2y b\u1ecb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean phun to\u00e0n v\u01b0\u1eddn (tr\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ec7nh l\u00e2y lan m\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng). S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc 4 \u0111\u00fang. Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u00f2n ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea t\u1ed1t, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i, b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i, h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fang k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt&#8230;. s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng IPM \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi ph\u00ed s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb 30 &#8211; 60 %, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t do gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed1c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc phun cho c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>2. C\u00e2y h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>2.1. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ee5 s\u1ed1ng cho ti\u00eau b\u00e1m\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u WASI khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o d\u00f9ng tr\u1ee5 cho\u00e1i s\u1ed1ng cho c\u00e2y h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau b\u00e1m l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p khoa h\u1ecdc mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng cao.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng chu k\u1ef3 khai th\u00e1c \u1edf v\u01b0\u1eddn h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau tr\u1ed3ng cho\u00e1i s\u1ed1ng d\u00e0i h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee5 ch\u1ebft t\u1eeb 20 &#8211; 50 %; n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh; t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi v\u01b0\u1eddn ti\u00eau tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee5 ch\u1ebft, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ebft nhanh v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft ch\u1eadm.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hi\u1ec7n nay t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ee5 cho\u00e1i s\u1ed1ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong vi\u1ec7c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ph\u00e1 r\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c tr\u1ee5 ti\u00eau do v\u1eady l\u00e0m h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh suy tho\u00e1i v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nhanh t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e2y ti\u00eau tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5 s\u1ed1ng trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5 g\u1ed7, tr\u1ee5 b\u00ea t\u00f4ng nh\u01b0ng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kinh doanh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u1eddn ti\u00eau tr\u1ee5 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u cao tr\u1ee5 n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao kh\u00f4ng thua k\u00e9m c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i tr\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c. Ngo\u00e0i ra, nh\u1edd c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 che b\u00f3ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e1n l\u00e1 c\u00e2y tr\u1ee5 m\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1eddn tr\u1ee5 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n, \u00edt khi c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ki\u1ec7t s\u1ee9c do qu\u00e1 sai qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u1eddn ti\u00eau tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5 ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e2y cho\u00e1i s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m tr\u1ee5 ti\u00eau c\u0169ng gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi c\u00e2y h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau, gi\u00fap \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a vi kh\u00ed h\u1eadu trong v\u01b0\u1eddn ti\u00eau; gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc.. v\u00e0 do v\u1eady c\u0169ng gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u1eddn ti\u00eau tr\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ee5 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 chu k\u1ef3 t\u01b0\u1edbi d\u00e0i h\u01a1n kho\u1ea3ng 20 &#8211; 30 % so v\u1edbi v\u01b0\u1eddn ti\u00eau tr\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ee5 ch\u1ebft; l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi c\u0169ng \u00edt h\u01a1n do qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ed1c tho\u00e1t \u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc qua m\u1eb7t tho\u00e1ng \u00edt n\u00ean m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n \u00edt h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tr\u1ed3ng ti\u00eau tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5 s\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1o b\u00f3ng m\u00e1t v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i trong v\u01b0\u1eddn ti\u00eau b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u1ed3ng th\u00eam c\u00e2y che b\u00f3ng trong c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u1eddn tr\u1ee5 ch\u1ebft. Trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ICM th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1edf Ch\u01b0 Pr\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0110\u0103k \u0110oa, c\u00e2y keo d\u1eadu v\u00e0 l\u1ed3ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o tr\u1ed3ng xen trong v\u01b0\u1eddn ti\u00eau tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5 g\u1ed7 th\u00ec sau 2 n\u0103m c\u00e2y che b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t huy t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng che b\u00f3ng cho v\u01b0\u1eddn ti\u00eau.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">C\u00e1c c\u00e2y tr\u1ee5 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c WASI khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay: l\u1ed3ng m\u1ee9c (<em>Wrightia annamensis<\/em>), keo d\u1eadu (<em>Leucoena glauca<\/em>), m\u00edt (<em>Artocarpus integrifolis<\/em>), v\u00f4ng gai (<em>Erythrina inerma<\/em>), anh \u0111\u00e0o gi\u1ea3 (<em>Glyricidia maculata<\/em>), mu\u1ed3ng c\u01b0\u1eddm (<em>Adenanthera pavonina<\/em>) v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e2y g\u00f2n (<em>Ceiba pentandra<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>2.2.Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t<\/strong><strong>r\u1ed3ng xen h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau trong v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u00e0 ph\u00ea<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>Vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng xen ti\u00eau v\u1edbi c\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho c\u00e2y ti\u00eau leo b\u00e1m tr\u00ean c\u00e2y che b\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e2y \u0111ai r\u1eebng \u0111\u00e3 mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tr\u1ed3ng xen n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng tranh ch\u1ea5p qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea5t v\u1edbi c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1c, chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 th\u1ea5p, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y lan v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ebft nhanh, v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u00e2y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf cao. C\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng t\u1ea1i huy\u1ec7n C\u01b0 Kuin, C\u01b0 M&#8217;gar v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc do c\u00e2y h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi cho c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u0169ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thu ho\u1ea1ch tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb di\u1ec7n t\u00edch, t\u0103ng thu nh\u1eadp cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n. Thu nh\u1eadp t\u0103ng th\u00eam t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y so v\u1edbi v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u00e0 ph\u00ea kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ed3ng xen t\u1eeb 30 &#8211; 90 %.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>2.3. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y che b\u00f3ng trong v\u01b0\u1eddn ti\u00eau tr\u1ed3ng b\u00e1m v\u00e0o cho\u00e1i ch\u1ebft<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y che b\u00f3ng trong v\u01b0\u1eddn ti\u00eau tr\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng cho\u00e1i\/tr\u1ee5 ch\u1ebft c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ra hoa, \u0111\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau, gi\u00fap cho c\u00e2y h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau cho n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i chu k\u1ef3 khai th\u00e1c, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ebft nhanh, ch\u1ebft ch\u1eadm. C\u00e2y che b\u00f3ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a vi kh\u00ed h\u1eadu trong v\u01b0\u1eddn ti\u00eau, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf b\u1ed1c tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, do v\u1eady k\u00e9o d\u00e0i chu k\u1ef3 t\u01b0\u1edbi, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1eeb 10 &#8211; 20 %, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>2.4. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p<\/strong><strong> t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Trong th\u1eddi gian qua, WASI \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n giao c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc\u00a0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n qua n\u01b0\u1edbc cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n tr\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau \u1edf T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ebd gi\u00fap s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc do gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1eeb 15 &#8211; 20 %; l\u00e0m t\u0103ng h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n, gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3nv\u00f4 c\u01a1 N, P, K kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 30 &#8211; 40 %; g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng ti\u00eau v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>2.5. G\u00f3i gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n cho h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng g\u00f3i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi ph\u00ed mua ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n t\u1eeb 10 &#8211; 20 %; v\u01b0\u1eddn ti\u00eau sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00e1 t\u1ed1t, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh; l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn t\u0103ng (bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n) t\u1eeb 7 &#8211; 15 %. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc b\u00f3n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t, do v\u1eady g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00ed ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, g\u00e2y h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n.. Ngo\u00e0i ra, do b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i n\u00ean c\u00e2y h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>2.6. \u00a0G\u00f3i gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt canh t\u00e1c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p\u00a0 cho h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau\u00a0 kinh doanh<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng g\u00f3i gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt canh t\u00e1c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e2y h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau(bao g\u1ed3m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ed1ng s\u1ea1ch b\u1ec7nh &#8211; c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng V\u0129nh Linh, L\u1ed9c Ninh&#8230;., tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ee5 s\u1ed1ng, b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n theo \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e2y che b\u00f3ng (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3), qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p&#8230;), ti\u00eau tho\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 7 &#8211; 12 %, so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf t\u0103ng\u00a0 15 &#8211; 30%. Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng g\u00f3i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trung b\u00ecnh 10 %; ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 15 &#8211; 25 % do v\u1eady \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 t\u0103ng thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng g\u00f3i gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y gi\u00fap n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt phun cho h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau, do v\u1eady gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u00ed ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i g\u00e2y hi\u00eau \u1ee9ng nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>3. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u00ec v\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu th\u00ec ngay t\u1eeb b\u00e2y gi\u1edd n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kinh doanh c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, h\u1ed3 ti\u00eau v\u00e0 c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p cung c\u1ea5p v\u1eadt t\u01b0, nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7n li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c \u1edf \u0110\u0103k L\u0103k. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p mang t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng di\u1ec5n ra kh\u1ed1c li\u1ec7t h\u01a1n.\/.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1ed3ng &#8211; Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt N\u00f4ng L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean \u00a01.\u00a0Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu (B\u0110KH) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, trong \u0111\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y ra. B\u0110KH xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1n c\u00e2n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi do thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e1c&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3615,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3614","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ket-qua-nguyen-cuu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3614","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3614"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3614\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3615"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3614"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3614"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3614"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}