{"id":3567,"date":"2017-07-10T09:00:21","date_gmt":"2017-07-10T02:00:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/?p=3567"},"modified":"2017-11-16T09:50:23","modified_gmt":"2017-11-16T02:50:23","slug":"danh-gia-thuc-trang-canh-tac-ca-phe-che-va-de-xuat-giai-phap-khac-phuc-tai-mot-vung-trong-diem-tinh-lam-dong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/danh-gia-thuc-trang-canh-tac-ca-phe-che-va-de-xuat-giai-phap-khac-phuc-tai-mot-vung-trong-diem-tinh-lam-dong\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng canh t\u00e1c c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ec9nh L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0 ThS. \u0110inh Th\u1ecb Ti\u1ebfu Oanh, KS. L\u00ea V\u0103n B\u1ed1n<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a01. <\/strong><\/span>M\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ee9ng sau \u0110\u1eafk L\u1eafk, v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch to\u00e0n t\u1ec9nh n\u0103m 2014 \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea1t 152.450 ha, trong \u0111\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u1ed1i 133.600 ha chi\u1ebfm 87,6%, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 17.120 ha chi\u1ebfm 11,2% v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 1.730 ha c\u00e0 ph\u00ea m\u00edt chi\u1ebfm t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 1,2%. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u1ed1i, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 quy ho\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 th\u00e0nh m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c – v\u00f9ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, c\u00f3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u mang t\u1ea7m qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, t\u1ec9nh L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea Arabica Lang Biang, v\u00f9ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 3.154 ha v\u00e0 \u0111ang n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 C\u1ea7u \u0110\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 3.050 ha. Ngo\u00e0i hai \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t, theo quy ho\u1ea1ch chung v\u1ec1 c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9nh, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i huy\u1ec7n xung quanh L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c Tr\u1ecdng, L\u00e2m H\u00e0, \u0110\u01a1n D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u0110am R\u00f4ng. D\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2020, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 t\u1ec9nh L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean, chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 20% \u2013 t\u0103ng g\u1ea7n g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i so v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n nay (kho\u1ea3ng 30.000 ha).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m qua, Vi\u1ec7n Khoa h\u1ecdc K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt N\u00f4ng l\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u00a0c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9nh L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8. Hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng canh t\u00e1c c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9nh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng canh t\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh, nh\u1eb1m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf trong canh t\u00e1c c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n quan t\u00e2m, qua \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 theo h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00fang theo \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

2. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u tra: N\u00f4ng d\u00e2n tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 t\u1ea1i 6 v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh, bao g\u1ed3m \u0110am R\u00f4ng, L\u00e2m H\u00e0, \u0110\u1ee9c Tr\u1ecdng, \u0110\u01a1n D\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t v\u00e0 L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tra: \u0110i\u1ec1u tra ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n n\u00f4ng h\u1ed9 d\u1ef1a theo m\u1eabu \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1eb5n. M\u1ed7i huy\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u tra t\u1ea1i 2 x\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c n\u00f4ng h\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean. M\u1ed7i x\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra 25 phi\u1ebfu, t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u tra: 300 phi\u1ebfu.<\/span><\/p>\n

3. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

3.1. N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh<\/strong> c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9nh L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 1. N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 trung b\u00ecnh n\u0103m 2012 – 2014 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u tra<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9nh L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i theo t\u1eebng v\u00f9ng. N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t trung b\u00ecnh 3 n\u0103m (t\u1eeb 2012 \u2013 2014) \u0111\u1ea1t trung b\u00ecnh 2,37 t\u1ea5n nh\u00e2n\/ha. V\u00f9ng L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t 1,95 t\u1ea5n nh\u00e2n\/ha, v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea1t cao nh\u1ea5t 2,87 t\u1ea5n nh\u00e2n\/ha do n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 th\u00e2m canh t\u1ed1t. V\u1ee5 2014 t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t, L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng do b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a s\u01b0\u01a1ng mu\u1ed1i, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3m h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/span><\/p>\n

3.2. C\u01a1 c\u1ea5u gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9nh L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u1ea1i L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng hi\u1ec7n nay, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ed1ng Catimor. Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 nh\u1ecf kho\u1ea3ng 3,4% s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao (Bourbon, Typica\u2026), c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng duy nh\u1ea5t 1 gi\u1ed1ng Catimor \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/span>
\n \"\"<\/a>
\n Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 2. C\u01a1 c\u1ea5u gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh (% s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Catimor l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 thu\u1ea7n (th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 F4) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadp n\u1ed9i t\u1eeb B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha v\u00e0o Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u0103m 1986, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1ed1ng \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi F6, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1996 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n N\u00f4ng th\u00f4n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn ra s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng Catimor \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh, d\u1ea7n thay th\u1ebf h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c di\u1ec7n t\u00edch tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 kh\u00e1 m\u1eabn c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh h\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 gi\u1ed1ng Typica, Bourbon, Moka.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u1ea1i L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng, gi\u1ed1ng Catimor c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng r\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng sinh th\u00e1i, c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 c\u0169, kh\u00e1ng t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh g\u1ec9 s\u1eaft n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. Tuy nhi\u00ean hi\u1ec7n nay, gi\u00f4ng Catimor v\u1eabn c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf l\u00e0 k\u00edch c\u1ee1 h\u1ea1t nh\u1ecf (kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 100 nh\u00e2n < 15 g) v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea t\u00e1ch ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t tr\u00ean 1 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u1edbn m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ed1ng Catimor duy nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng mang \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng nguy c\u01a1 trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n. V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t cao, t\u00ednh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng di truy\u1ec1n th\u1ea5p s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i n\u00eau tr\u00ean, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ea5t m\u00f9a ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh t\u00e0n ph\u00e1,\u2026 Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u00ednh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng di truy\u1ec1n trong v\u00f9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8, c\u1ea7n khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o tr\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hi\u1ec7n nay, ngo\u00e0i gi\u1ed1ng Catimor ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1ed9 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n N\u00f4ng th\u00f4n c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng TN1, TN2 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1eed gi\u1ed1ng THA1. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7n KHKT N\u00f4ng L\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean lai t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng sinh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9nh L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 t\u1ecf ra th\u00edch \u1ee9ng t\u1ed1t. C\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi Catimor, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea nh\u00e2n s\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea t\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ng Catimor (kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 100 nh\u00e2n > 17 g). Thi\u1ebft ngh\u0129, c\u1ea7n s\u1edbm ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi n\u00e0y v\u00e0o trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9nh L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng, v\u1eeba gi\u00fap \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u gi\u1ed1ng, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro, v\u1eeba gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea nh\u00e2n.<\/span><\/p>\n

3.3. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0110i\u1ec1u tra t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 cho th\u1ea5y h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c n\u00f4ng h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p NPK \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f3n cho v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u00e2y, v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 tr\u00ean 90% s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 t\u1ea1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n \u0111\u01a1n \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p NPK, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n kali, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t v\u00e0 L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng 1. Lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n n\u00f4ng h\u1ed9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng (%)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Huy\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1m<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Ph\u00e2n l\u00e2n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Ph\u00e2n kali<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Ph\u00e2n NPK<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0110am R\u00f4ng<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

67,6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

79,4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

47,1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

91,2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

L\u00e2m H\u00e0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

66,7<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

50.9<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

31.4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

98,0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Tr\u1ecdng<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

49,0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

58,8<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

41,2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

100<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0110\u01a1n D\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

100<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

92,0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

96<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

100<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

25,4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

27,1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

6,8<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

93,2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

43,7<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

61,4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

10,5<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

96,5<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

To\u00e0n v\u00f9ng<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

58,7<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

63,7<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

40,3<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

96,5<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 S\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc trong n\u0103m c\u0169ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng, ph\u00e2n NPK \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n trung b\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u tra l\u00e0 5,4 l\u1ea7n, trong \u0111\u00f3 v\u00f9ng \u0110\u01a1n D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t b\u00f3n v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t, l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 5,9 v\u00e0 6,1 l\u1ea7n. Nh\u00ecn chung s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi quy tr\u00ecnh khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8, tuy nhi\u00ean l\u1ea1i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n cho t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ee3t v\u00e0 t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ee3t b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n, gi\u00fap c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng h\u1ea5p thu \u0111\u1ee7 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng 2. S\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ee3t b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Huy\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

S\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ee3t b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1m<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

S\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ee3t b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n l\u00e2n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

S\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ee3t b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n kali<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

S\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ee3t b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n NPK<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0110am R\u00f4ng<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,7<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,5<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2,3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

L\u00e2m H\u00e0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2,6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Tr\u1ecdng<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,5<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2,1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0110\u01a1n D\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2,2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,5<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2,0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2,2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,8<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3,3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2,7<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2,2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

To\u00e0n v\u00f9ng<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,6<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,3<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,7<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2,4<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C\u0169ng qua \u0111i\u1ec1u tra cho th\u1ea5y, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc b\u00f3n cho c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng. T\u00ednh trung b\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n b\u00f3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1m l\u00e0 337,2 kg\/ha\/n\u0103m, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e2n 275,5 kg\/ha\/n\u0103m v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kali l\u00e0 222,2 kg\/ha\/n\u0103m.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y, c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n ch\u01b0a c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n N-P-K, trong \u0111\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1m v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n l\u00e2n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn v\u01b0\u1ee3t cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o, ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n kali l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng 3. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh (t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Huy\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

N (kg\/ha)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

P2<\/sub>O5<\/sub> (kg\/ha)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

K2<\/sub>O (kg\/ha)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0110am R\u00f4ng<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

353,8\u00a0 \u00b1 183,7<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

320,3 \u00b1 195<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

238,5 \u00b1 162,1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

L\u00e2m H\u00e0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

398,8 \u00b1 196,9<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

320,9 \u00b1 144<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

234,5 \u00b1 309,7<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Tr\u1ecdng<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

269,4 \u00b1 96,0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

230,3 \u00b1 72,7<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

163,6 \u00b1 86,6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0110\u01a1n D\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

466,4 \u00b1 105,8<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

221,7 \u00b1 82,6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

343,9 \u00b1 123,2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

437,3 \u00b1 272,8<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

298,9 \u00b1 194<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

242,6 \u00b1 146,2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

237,2 \u00b1 147,3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

261,1 \u00b1 160<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

110,3 \u00b1 84<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

To\u00e0n v\u00f9ng<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

360,5<\/strong> \u00b1 167,1<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

275,5<\/strong> \u00b1 152,2<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

222,2<\/strong> \u00b1 182,7<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

255-280<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

90-120<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

270-300<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Ghi ch\u00fa: Trong m\u1ed7i \u00f4 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u00b1 \u00a0\u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch chu\u1ea9n<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc b\u00f3n cho c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho th\u1ea5y: ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan r\u00f5 gi\u1eefa l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u1ea1i \u0110am R\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1t n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u2265 3 t\u1ea5n nh\u00e2n\/ha ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n b\u00f3n v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng N-P-K t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng 70,8-63,6-31,3 g\/c\u00e2y\/n\u0103m, trong khi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t t\u1eeb 1 – < 2 t\u1ea5n nh\u00e2n\/ha b\u00f3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n N-P-K t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng cao h\u01a1n l\u00e0 95,5-73,2-75,4 g\/c\u00e2y\/n\u0103m. C\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i \u0110\u01a1n D\u01b0\u01a1ng, L\u00e2m H\u00e0, \u0110\u1ee9c Tr\u1ecdng, \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t, L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, l\u00e2n v\u00e0 kali c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan ngh\u1ecbch v\u1edbi n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, trong khi ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1m c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ho\u1eb7c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc cho c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh ch\u01b0a th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n N-P-K b\u00f3n ch\u01b0a c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1m v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n l\u00e2n ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n kali b\u00f3n thi\u1ebfu so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng 4. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

V\u00f9ng<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t (t\u1ea5n nh\u00e2n\/ha)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

N (g\/c\u00e2y\/n\u0103m)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

P2<\/sub>O5 <\/sub>(g\/c\u00e2y\/n\u0103m)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

K2<\/sub>O <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(g\/c\u00e2y\/n\u0103m)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0110am R\u00f4ng<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

< 1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

51,6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

55,9<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

20,0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

1 – < 2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

95,5<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

73,2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

75,4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

2 – < 3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

71,6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

67,4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

50,5<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

>=3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

70,8<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

63,6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

31,3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

L\u00e2m H\u00e0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

< 1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

92,5<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 78,6 (– <\/sup>*)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

42,6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

1 – < 2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

71,7<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

59,9<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

45,4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

2 – < 3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

58,8<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

41,0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

22,0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

>=3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

49,0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

39,4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

30,5<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Tr\u1ecdng<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1 – < 2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 51,1 (*)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

44,4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 42,3 (– <\/sup>*)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

2 – < 3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

54,4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

46,3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

31,3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0110\u01a1n D\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

< 1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

100,8<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

30,0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

9,0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

1 – < 2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

43,4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

19,2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

32,6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

2 – < 3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

86,9<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

34,4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

55,9<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

>=3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

114,0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

38,5<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

58,9<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

< 1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

48,4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

22,5<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 11,3 (*)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

1 – < 2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

143,7<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

34,8<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

34,9<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

2 – < 3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

92,0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

69,6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

43,9<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

>=3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

86,2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

67,4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

62,2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

< 1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 42,8 (*)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

65,1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

22,7<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

1 – < 2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

45,6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

46,5<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

25,3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

2 – < 3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

62,6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

61,6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

18,8<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

>=3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

89,2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

82,4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

48,7<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Trung b\u00ecnh<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

< 1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

48,3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

58,7<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

20,7<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

1 – < 2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

68,3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

48,5<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

40,2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

2 – < 3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

73,2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

51,8<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

42,5<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

>=3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

76,1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

57,1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

43,9<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Ghi ch\u00fa<\/em>: *<\/em>: T\u01b0\u01a1ng quan \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u00fd ngh\u0129a 0.05; –<\/em>: T\u01b0\u01a1ng quan ngh\u1ecbch<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

3.4. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng 5. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Huy\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

% s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 b\u00f3n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (kg\/ha)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Chu<\/strong> k\u1ef3 b\u00f3n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0110am R\u00f4ng<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

47,1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.533 \u00b1 902<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,5<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

L\u00e2m H\u00e0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

35,3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3.272 \u00b1 5.012<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,8<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Tr\u1ecdng<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

62,7<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

5.236 \u00b1 4.235<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2,0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0110\u01a1n D\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

18,0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1.536 \u00b1 939<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,7<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

67,8<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3.315 \u00b1 6.253<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

63,2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3.741 \u00b1 3.866<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,9<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

To\u00e0n v\u00f9ng<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

49,0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3.106<\/strong> \u00b1 4.401<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,8<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh cho th\u1ea5y, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu kh\u00f4ng cao, trung b\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t 49,0% s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 c\u00f3 b\u00f3n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng ch\u01b0a coi tr\u1ecdng vi\u1ec7c b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 cho c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8. B\u00ean canh \u0111\u00f3, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n cho v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u00e2y c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p, trung b\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t 3.106 kg\/ha v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00e1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ed9, c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u00f3n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean h\u01a1n, chu k\u1ef3 b\u00f3n t\u1eeb 1,5 – 2,0 n\u0103m\/l\u1ea7n.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng 6. Lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh (% s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9)<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Huy\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

H\u1eefu c\u01a1 vi sinh<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

C\u1ea3 hai<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0110am R\u00f4ng<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

12,5<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

87,5<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0,0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

L\u00e2m H\u00e0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

22,2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

77,8<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0,0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Tr\u1ecdng<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

59,4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

40,6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0,0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0110\u01a1n D\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

100,0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0,0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0,0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

35,9<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

64,1<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0,0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

58,3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

38,9<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2,8<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

To\u00e0n v\u00f9ng<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

48,1<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

51,5<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0,5<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f3n kh\u00e1 phong ph\u00fa, \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 vi sinh v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 h\u1ed9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 2 lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n n\u00e0y g\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhau v\u1edbi 48,1% s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 51,5% s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 vi sinh. X\u00e9t trong t\u1eebng v\u00f9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, t\u1ea1i \u0110\u01a1n D\u01b0\u01a1ng 100% s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f3n cho v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u00e2y, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1i \u0110am R\u00f4ng v\u00e0 L\u00e2m H\u00e0, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 vi sinh l\u1ea1i cao h\u01a1n, chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t 87,5% v\u00e0 77,8%. T\u1ea1i \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 h\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 vi sinh c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u00a064,1%. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng, nh\u00ecn chung vi\u1ec7c b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 gi\u00fap t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 l\u00ean h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n, tuy nhi\u00ean s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1i m\u1ed7i v\u00f9ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 nh\u1ea5t. C\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng b\u1ed5 sung cho v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u00e2y, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kh\u00e1c t\u1ed1t, n\u00ean v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao. Tuy nhi\u00ean v\u1ec1 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i b\u00f3n b\u1ed5 sung ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 cho c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 3. \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

3.5. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh thu ho\u1ea1ch, s\u01a1 ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m thu ho\u1ea1ch t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9nh L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1 r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng th\u1ea5p nh\u01b0 \u0110am R\u00f4ng, L\u00e2m H\u00e0, \u0110\u1ee9c Tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u0110\u01a1n D\u01b0\u01a1ng, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 ch\u00edn s\u1edbm h\u01a1n c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t, L\u1ea1t D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Th\u1eddi gian thu ho\u1ea1ch th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 9 – 10 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m, th\u1eddi gian k\u1ebft th\u00fac thu ho\u1ea1ch mu\u1ed9n nh\u1ea5t trong th\u00e1ng 12. T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t v\u00e0 L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng, th\u1eddi gian thu ho\u1ea1ch th\u01b0\u1eddng mu\u1ed9n h\u01a1n, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 11 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 12 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t, v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 12 ho\u1eb7c th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m sau.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 V\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thu h\u00e1i, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c thu ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3 ch\u00edn, trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thu ho\u1ea1ch l\u1ef1a qu\u1ea3 ch\u00edn chi\u1ebfm trung b\u00ecnh 54,4% s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t, L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 h\u1ed9 l\u1ef1a qu\u1ea3 ch\u00edn khi thu ho\u1ea1ch kh\u00e1 cao, t\u1eeb 78,9 \u2013 84,2%. C\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0110\u1ee9c Tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 L\u00e2m H\u00e0, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tu\u1ed1t c\u00f3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn qu\u1ea3 ch\u00edn, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 tu\u1ed1t ch\u1ecdn trung b\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfm 42,0%. \u0110\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 th\u00f3i quen c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c thu ho\u1ea1ch t\u1ed1t, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 vi\u1ec7c thu ho\u1ea1ch chi\u1ebfm chi ph\u00ed cao nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t cao nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gia t\u0103ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00e0 ph\u00ea nh\u00e2n so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c thu h\u00e1i qu\u1ea3 ch\u01b0a ch\u00edn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1eddi v\u1ee5 thu ho\u1ea1ch t\u1ea1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1eb7p m\u01b0a v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1eebng n\u0103m, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u01b0a d\u1ea7m ho\u1eb7c m\u01b0a v\u1eeba, g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng trong thu ho\u1ea1ch c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thu ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c n\u00f4ng h\u1ed9 b\u00e1n qu\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u01a1i cho c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e1i do kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u01a1i s\u1ea5y trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u01b0a k\u00e9o d\u00e0i. Vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong kh\u00e2u ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, khi gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 thu mua c\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 mong mu\u1ed1n khi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u01a1 ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng 7. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh s\u01a1 ch\u1ebf s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m sau thu ho\u1ea1ch<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Huy\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

B\u00e1n t\u01b0\u01a1i<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

X\u00e1c r\u1eadp<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

B\u00e1n t\u01b0\u01a1i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ph\u01a1i kh\u00f4<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0110am R\u00f4ng<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

84,4<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

15,6<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

L\u00e2m H\u00e0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

98,0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Tr\u1ecdng<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

100<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0110\u01a1n D\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

98,0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

96,2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,9<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,9<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

73,2<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

10,7<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1,8<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

14,3<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

To\u00e0n v\u00f9ng<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

91,6<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2,8<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

0,6<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

5,0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

4. <\/strong><\/span>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/span>
\n 4.1. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/span>
\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u tra t\u00ednh trong 3 n\u0103m (2012 \u0111\u1ebfn 2014) \u0111\u1ea1t trung b\u00ecnh 2,37 t\u1ea5n nh\u00e2n\/ha. Trong \u0111\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ed9 t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea1t cao nh\u1ea5t 2,87 t\u1ea5n nh\u00e2n\/ha, L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t 1,95 t\u1ea5n nh\u00e2n\/ha.<\/span>
\n H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9nh L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ed1ng Catimor, v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 99,3% s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C\u00e1c h\u1ed9 \u0111a s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p NPK \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f3n cho c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8, chi\u1ebfm 96,5%, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n \u0111\u01a1n \u1edf m\u1ee9c trung b\u00ecnh. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc cho c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 ch\u01b0a h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1m v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n l\u00e2n b\u00f3n cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n kali b\u00f3n \u00edt h\u01a1n. T\u00ednh trung b\u00ecnh, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1m (N) v\u00e0 l\u00e2n (P2<\/sub>O5<\/sub>)\u00a0 b\u00f3n cao h\u01a1n khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 97,2 kg v\u00e0 155,5 kg, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kali (K2<\/sub>O) b\u00f3n thi\u1ebfu 77,8 kg. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 cho c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1 th\u1ea5p, trung b\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm 49,0%. Nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ph\u00e2n chu\u1ed3ng cao h\u01a1n l\u00e0 L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t, \u0110\u1ee9c Tr\u1ecdng. Tuy nhi\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u0169ng kh\u00e1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 trung b\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t 3.106 kg\/ha.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Vi\u1ec7c thu ho\u1ea1ch s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 kh\u00e1 t\u1ed1t, c\u00f3 96,4% s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thu ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3 ch\u00edn. Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m thu ho\u1ea1ch c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p m\u01b0a, khi\u1ebfn cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thu ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 s\u01a1 ch\u1ebf g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thu ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n t\u01b0\u01a1i cho nh\u00e0 thu mua (91,6% s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9).<\/span><\/p>\n

3.2. \u0110\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 – V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u gi\u1ed1ng: Trong quy ho\u1ea1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh trong th\u1eddi gian t\u1edbi c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tr\u1ebb h\u00f3a di\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u00e2y gi\u00e0 c\u1ed7i, c\u1ea7n b\u1ed5 sung m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 m\u1edbi b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh gi\u1ed1ng ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c Catimor, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng lai TN1, TN2, TN6, TN7, TN9 v\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng thu\u1ea7n THA1. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng kh\u1ea3o nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng, c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ng Catimor, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea t\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ng Catimor .<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 – V\u1ec1 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt canh t\u00e1c: Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, t\u1eadp hu\u1ea5n, chuy\u1ec3n giao ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt canh t\u00e1c c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n. Khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch vi\u1ec7c b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 cho v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u00e2y, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u00edt \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ph\u00e2n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 nh\u01b0 \u0110am R\u00f4ng, L\u00e2m H\u00e0, \u0110\u01a1n D\u01b0\u01a1ng. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n c\u0103n c\u1ee9 theo n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t thu ho\u1ea1ch h\u00e0ng n\u0103m c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0 ThS. \u0110inh Th\u1ecb Ti\u1ebfu Oanh, KS. L\u00ea V\u0103n B\u1ed1n \u00a01. M\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 L\u00e2m \u0110\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ee9ng sau \u0110\u1eafk L\u1eafk, v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch to\u00e0n t\u1ec9nh n\u0103m 2014 \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea1t 152.450 ha, trong \u0111\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u1ed1i 133.600 ha chi\u1ebfm 87,6%, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00e8 17.120 ha chi\u1ebfm 11,2% v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 1.730 ha c\u00e0…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3568,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3567","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ket-qua-nguyen-cuu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3567","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3567"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3567\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3568"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3567"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3567"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3567"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}