{"id":13414,"date":"2026-09-22T17:00:55","date_gmt":"2026-09-22T10:00:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/?p=13414"},"modified":"2026-09-22T10:37:17","modified_gmt":"2026-09-22T03:37:17","slug":"he-thong-xen-canh-nao-trong-vuon-ca-phe-phat-thai-khi-nha-kinh-lon-nhat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/which-intercropping-system-exhibits-the-highest-total-greenhouse-gas-emissions\/","title":{"rendered":"Which intercropping system exhibits the highest total greenhouse gas emissions?"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

Nguyen Vu Ky, Division of Agricultural Systems, WASI.<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Email: vuky124@gmail.com<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Our research results indicated that the mixed intercropping system of coffee and durian (Coffee & Durian) exhibits the highest total greenhouse gas emissions. This specific configuration is identified as the most resource-intensive model among all surveyed systems in Dak Lak, resulting in a total carbon footprint of 9,407.9 kg CO\u2082e\/ha\/year<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

The two key drivers of high emissions in this system:<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(i) Massive Agrochemical Inputs<\/strong> This system recorded the highest emissions specifically from agrochemical use, totaling 8,194.3 kg CO\u2082e\/ha<\/strong>. The presence of durian, a high-value crop, drives farmers to invest heavily in inputs to maximize yield, often disregarding optimal efficiency.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Nitrogen Fertilizer:<\/strong> The “Coffee & Durian” system had the highest emissions from nitrogen fertilizer application alone, reaching 4,338.6 kg CO\u2082e\/ha<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Phosphorus and Potassium:<\/strong> It also led to emissions from phosphorus (P2<\/sub>O5<\/sub>) and potassium (K2<\/sub>O) fertilizers, contributing 1,479.2 kg and 1,629.2 kg CO\u2082e\/ha, respectively.<\/span><\/p>\n

(ii) Intensive Plant Protection and Energy Use:<\/strong> Beyond fertilizers, this system also required significant non-fertilizer emissions.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Pesticides and Fungicides:<\/strong> It required the highest volume of fungicides (37.4 liters\/ha) and electricity for spraying (238.5 kWh\/ha), resulting in plant protection emissions of 615.9 kg CO\u2082e\/ha<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Transportation:<\/strong> It involved the longest total transportation distance (101.5 km) for moving inputs and harvests, further adding to the fuel-based footprint.<\/span><\/p>\n

Comparison with Other Systems: <\/em><\/strong>To visualize the scale of these emissions, it is useful to compare this high-intensity system with the lowest-emitting model:<\/span><\/p>\n

Highest (Coffee & Durian):<\/strong> 9,407.9 kg CO\u2082e\/ha<\/strong> (Driven by intensive input management for durian).<\/span><\/p>\n

Lowest (Coffee & Avocado):<\/strong> 5,089.8 kg CO\u2082e\/ha<\/strong> (Benefiting from lower inputs, as avocado is often considered a shade tree with minimal fertilization).<\/span><\/p>\n

In short: <\/em><\/strong>\u00a0While the “Coffee & Durian” system sequesters a significant amount of carbon due to the biomass of the trees (4,620.7 kg CO\u2082\/ha<\/strong>), the dominant volume of emissions from fertilizers and energy means it still has the highest net emissions<\/strong> at 4,787.2 kg CO\u2082e\/ha<\/strong>. This classifies it as a substantial carbon source rather than a sink.<\/span><\/p>\n

References: N. V. Ky (2025). Assessment of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from the Intercropping Systems in Robusta Coffee Farms\u00a0in Dak Lak, Vietnam. Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nguyen Vu Ky, Division of Agricultural Systems, WASI. Email: vuky124@gmail.com Our research results indicated that the mixed intercropping system of coffee and durian (Coffee & Durian) exhibits the highest total greenhouse gas emissions. This specific configuration is identified as the most resource-intensive model among all surveyed systems in Dak Lak, resulting in a total carbon footprint of 9,407.9 kg CO\u2082e\/ha\/year. The two key drivers of high emissions in this system:…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13414","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13414","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13414"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13414\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13427,"href":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13414\/revisions\/13427"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13414"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13414"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wasi.org.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13414"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}